Challenges of Caregivers Having Children with Autism in Kenya: Systematic Review
Masaba, Brian Barasa; Taiswa, Jonathan; Mmusi-Phetoe, Rose Maureen
Background: Caring for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is demanding,
especially where access to services and support are inadequate. The present study aimed to
systematically review the challenges associated with the caregivers whose children have autism.
Materials and Methods: A systematic review design was utilized. The searches were conducted
from February 2019 to January 2020. A qualitative analysis that was based on meta‑aggregation
approach and thematic analysis was used. Thereafter, data was presented into themes. The quality of
all included studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). Results: The
search generated 909 articles of which only 9 met the inclusion criteria. The main findings were
discussed under the following three thematic domains: 1) Stigma, 2) Financial burden, and
3) Caregiving burden. Conclusions: Evidence from the data reviewed showed financial burden faced
by the caregivers whose children are diagnosed with ASD. This was manifested through both direct
and indirect cost of treatment. Another key finding was that majority of the caregivers faced stigma
from the community. This implies the low level of awareness of the ASD within the community. The
present study calls for more programs on the present research problem within the community so as
to increase awareness. Furthermore, the current advocacy of Universal Health Coverage programs in
the country should incorporate ASD children.
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